Open up a banangrams and dump the letters on the table. Have a race between students to see who can make a word correctly first. For one-on-one, just have the student make the word, then they can give you a word to make, and you can take turns.
Content-specific vocabulary. For example, we were studying clothing in adult ESL. Every student had their vocabulary list in front of them, and I would pick a word from the list. ex: "shoes". Students race to make 'shoes' out of the letters.
Content specific could be ESL related (verbs, parts of the body, animals, colors, etc) or subject related (words from a science text about types of rocks, words from a story you have just read together, words from a math unit).
Spelling lists.
Sight-words. You could give each student a stack of sight-word cards, and challenge them to make each word then move on to the next as quickly as possible, so they are making lots of words. Just check their spelling after each word.
For non-Latin alphabet learners and non-literate learners, say the name of just a letter, or the sound a letter makes, and see who can find it first. Ask them to repeat the name of the letter, or the sound, or both. When you say the name or sound of the letter, show a flashcard with that letter, so the student knows what to look for. Extensions are to name things that start with the letter (or name the picture on the flashcard, for example A- apple), talk about capital and lowercase letters, and spell their name and the names of other proper nouns that should be familiar to them (Colorado, Denver, etc.)
In my adult ESL class, I would have the 'winner' of each word spell the word for me, to practice saying the names of the letters. Then that person would get to pick the next word for the group to try and make.
Note: I believe there is only one "J" in bananagrams, so words using J, give some students an I and tell them to pretend it is J, or write J on the backs of some tiles with a sharpie.
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